Archives of Evidence-Based Medicine

Síndrome de Guillain-Barré Asociado a Infección por SARS-CoV-2: Una Revisión

Luis Ignacio Cepeda-Morales

Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Medicine and Health Sciences

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6613-7670

Nahomi Valeria Muñiz-Tamayo

Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Medicine and Health Sciences

Abril Salguero-Cabañas

Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Medicine and Health Sciences

Rogelio de Jesús Castor-Hernández

Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Medicine and Health Sciences

Andrés Bolaños-Méndez

Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Medicine and Health Sciences

DOI: https://doi.org/10.59706/aebmedicine.v1i1.7901

Keywords: Guillain-Barré, COVID-19, infección, SARS-CoV-2, correlación

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Abstract

El síndrome de Guillain-Barré es una enfermedad desmielinizante asociada con autoanticuerpos inducidos por algún estímulo inmunológico, habitualmente infecciones. Se caracteriza por manifestaciones motoras, sensoriales y autonómicas debido al impacto neuropático que tiene la enfermedad. Durante la actual pandemia de COVID-19 han existido reportes en cuanto a la asociación de la infección y el inicio de síndrome de Guillain-Barré; además, su asociación con las vacunas diseñadas para la prevención de esta infección ha sido tema de interés. El síndrome de Guillain-Barré se clasifica según sus características clínicas y electrofisiológicas en AIDP, AMAN, AMSAN, síndrome de Miller-Fisher y neuropatía panautonómica aguda. El diagnóstico se da por sospecha clínica y se puede apoyar mediante estudios neurofisiológicos como la electromiografía y las velocidades de conducción nerviosa, o bien por un estudio de líquido cefalorraquídeo. El tratamiento de los pacientes con SGB asociado a infección por COVID-19 es igual al producido por otras etiologías: inmunoglobulinas o plasmaféresis.

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