Más allá de lo habitual: Nuevos enfoques en la terapia de la esquizofrenia resistente
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59706/aebmedicine.v1i2.9105Keywords:
Esquizofrenia, Medicamentos Innovadores, Trastornos PsicóticosAbstract
La esquizofrenia es un trastorno psiquiátrico crónico con etiología multifactorial. Es una de las 10 causas más frecuentes de discapacidad en adultos y es el trastorno psicótico primario más común. Se caracteriza por la alteración en 5 dominios mentales que hacen al individuo intercambiar información con su medio erróneamente, y se expresa como una combinación de síntomas positivos, cognitivos, negativos, agresivos y afectivos. El trastorno incluye alteraciones en la regulación de neurotransmisores (dopamina, serotonina, GABA) y estructurales (lóbulos frontales, hipocampo, etc.). Es un trastorno progresivo que causa un deterioro significativo en diversas áreas, con lo que genera mayor disfunción psicosocial, un mayor riesgo de sufrir trastorno por consumo de alcohol, depresión, violencia y suicidio. El tratamiento es multidisciplinario, el cual consta desde medidas farmacológicas y no farmacológicas, incluyendo terapias novedosas como musicoterapia, yogaterapia, agonistas del receptor de serotonina 5-HT2C, oxitocina, entre otras. El objetivo de este artículo de revisión es presentar un panorama general sobre el estado actual de los lineamientos diagnósticos y terapéuticos existentes para la esquizofrenia, así como medicamentos innovadores y terapias no farmacológicas.
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Copyright (c) 2023 Jesús Fernando Guzmán Castellanos, Mariana Rentería Jiménez, Andrés Joaquín Bolaños Chang, Assurian Mariett Zambrano Pelayo , Erendira Aracelis Cedeño Meza
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